01
Authorship and contributions
Authorship is limited to people who made a substantial intellectual contribution, approved the final version and accept responsibility for the work.
Publication Ethics
Research integrity
Publication Ethics
Research integrity, transparent funding disclosure, editorial independence and responsible correction of the scientific record.
02
Originality
Submissions must be original and not under consideration elsewhere. Fabrication, falsification and substantial undisclosed plagiarism are unacceptable.
03
Research ethics
Research involving humans or animals must report appropriate ethics approval and informed consent where required.
04
Clinical trials
Applicable clinical trials must report registration in a publicly accessible registry in accordance with current international recommendations.
05
Conflict of interest
Authors, reviewers and editors disclose financial and non-financial relationships that could influence professional judgment.
06
Funding and sponsor role
Funding sources and the sponsor’s role must be disclosed. Sponsors must not influence editorial decisions.
07
Editorial independence
Publication decisions are based on scientific quality, methodology and relevance, not on advertising or commercial interests.
08
Editors as authors
Editors take no part in assessing their own manuscripts or work where they have a conflict of interest.
09
Corrections and retractions
When significant errors or misconduct are identified, the journal uses transparent corrections, expressions of concern and retractions.
10
Research misconduct
Potential misconduct allegations are handled confidentially and documented. Where appropriate, the editors may contact the author’s institution.
11
Data and reproducibility
The journal supports transparent reporting of data, analytical methods and data availability where ethically and legally permissible.
12
AI-assisted technology
AI systems cannot be listed as authors. Authors remain responsible for the work and disclose substantial use of AI tools.
13
Advertising and sponsored content
Advertising and sponsored content are clearly separated from scientific content and do not influence publication decisions.
14
Complaints and appeals
Authors, reviewers and readers may send complaints about the journal's processes or editorial decisions to nbmhjournal@nbmhjournal.org. Each complaint is handled by an editor who was not involved in the original decision, and the journal responds within a reasonable time. Authors may appeal a decision once, with a reasoned explanation.
15
Archiving and preservation
Journal content is backed up regularly and preserved in the PKP Preservation Network (PKP PN) for long-term digital preservation of published articles.